Buying Peony Plants: Your Essential Guide to Selection

Peonies are cherished for their large, fragrant blooms and long-lasting beauty in gardens. Whether you are a seasoned gardener or just starting, buying the right peony plant is key to enjoying these spectacular flowers for years to come. This article will guide you through the process, covering where to buy, when to buy, and what to look for to ensure you select healthy, thriving plants.

Understanding Peony Types Before You Buy

Before purchasing, it is helpful to know the main types of peonies. Each type offers distinct characteristics that might suit different garden styles and preferences.

• Herbaceous Peonies: These are the most common garden peonies. They die back to the ground each winter and re-emerge in spring. They are known for their sturdy stems and a wide range of flower forms and colors.
• Tree Peonies: Unlike herbaceous peonies, tree peonies have woody stems that remain above ground year-round. They grow into a shrub-like form and typically produce larger, more exotic flowers earlier in the season.
• Itoh (Intersectional) Peonies: These are a hybrid cross between herbaceous and tree peonies. They combine the best traits of both, featuring strong stems like tree peonies and dying back in winter like herbaceous varieties. Itoh peonies are known for their unique color combinations and prolific blooming.

When is the Best Time to Buy Peony Plants?

The timing of your purchase can depend on the form of peony you wish to acquire. Understanding these timelines helps ensure successful planting and establishment.

Buying Bare Root Peonies

The ideal time to buy and plant bare root peonies is in the fall, typically from September to October in most temperate climates. Planting in the fall allows the roots to establish themselves in the soil before winter dormancy. This gives them a strong start for vigorous growth and blooming in the following spring.

Buying Potted Peonies

Potted peonies are available for purchase in the spring, after the last frost, or in the fall. Spring purchases allow you to see the plant’s foliage and potentially its buds or flowers, giving you an immediate sense of its health and variety. Fall purchases of potted plants also allow for good root establishment.

Where to Buy Peony Plants

Several reliable sources offer peony plants. Each option has its own advantages, depending on your needs for selection, price, and expert advice.

Local Nurseries and Garden Centers

Advantages: Buying locally allows you to inspect the plants in person for health and vigor. You can also get immediate, localized advice from staff about varieties that thrive in your specific region. There’s no shipping cost involved, and you can take your plant home right away.

Considerations: The selection might be more limited compared to online stores. Prices can sometimes be higher, especially for rare or specialty varieties.

Online Retailers and Specialty Nurseries

Advantages: Online sources offer an extensive selection of peony varieties, including rare and unique cultivars that might not be available locally. You can often find detailed descriptions and customer reviews. Many online nurseries specialize in peonies, providing expert knowledge and high-quality plants.

Considerations: You cannot physically inspect the plant before it arrives. Shipping costs and potential delays are factors. Ensure the retailer has a good reputation and offers a guarantee on their plants.

Mail-Order Catalogs

Advantages: Similar to online retailers, catalogs offer a wide range of choices, often including exclusive varieties. They can be a good option for those who prefer browsing a physical catalog.

Considerations: Ordering typically happens well in advance of shipping, often in the fall for spring delivery or vice-versa. You rely on the catalog’s descriptions and images.

Botanical Gardens and Plant Sales

Advantages: These events can be excellent for finding unique or heritage varieties. You might also get advice from experienced gardeners or volunteers. Prices can sometimes be very reasonable.

Considerations: Availability is often limited to specific times of the year and specific locations. It requires being proactive about finding out when these sales occur.

What to Look For When Buying Peonies

Ensuring you purchase healthy plants is crucial for their long-term success in your garden. Here’s what to inspect:

For Bare Root Peonies

• Eyes (Buds): A healthy bare root should have at least 3-5 visible pinkish-red ‘eyes’ or buds. These are the points from which new stems will emerge. More eyes generally indicate a stronger, more mature root.
• Root System: The roots should be firm, plump, and free from soft spots, mold, or damage. They should look robust, not shriveled or dry.
• Size: A good bare root division should be substantial, typically weighing a decent amount for its size, indicating stored energy.

For Potted Peonies

• Foliage: Look for vibrant green leaves without any yellowing, brown spots, holes, or signs of disease or pests. The leaves should appear healthy and robust.
• Stems: Stems should be strong and upright, not spindly or broken. They should be free from any visible damage or discoloration.
• Potting Medium: The soil in the pot should look fresh and free of weeds. Avoid plants sitting in overly wet or bone-dry soil.
• Root Health (if visible): If roots are growing out of the drainage holes, it might indicate the plant is root-bound. While not always a deal-breaker, it means the plant will need attention soon after purchase.

Choosing the Right Peony for Your Garden

Beyond health, consider these factors to select a peony that will thrive in your specific environment.

Climate and Hardiness Zone

Peonies generally require a period of winter chill to set their flower buds. Check your USDA Plant Hardiness Zone and choose varieties known to perform well in your area. Most peonies thrive in Zones 3-8.

Sunlight Requirements

Peonies need at least 6 hours of full sun per day to bloom profusely. Select a planting spot in your garden that meets this requirement. Too much shade can result in fewer flowers and weaker plants.

Soil Conditions

Peonies prefer well-draining, fertile soil with a neutral to slightly alkaline pH. If your soil is heavy clay, consider amending it with compost to improve drainage before planting.

Mature Size and Space

Consider the mature size of the peony variety you choose. Herbaceous peonies can grow 2-4 feet tall and wide, while tree peonies can become much larger shrubs. Ensure you have adequate space for the plant to reach its full potential without overcrowding.

Bloom Time and Flower Characteristics

Peonies come in early, mid, and late-season blooming varieties. You can extend your peony display by planting a mix of these. Also, consider the flower form (single, double, bomb, anemone, Japanese) and color that best suits your garden aesthetic.

Conclusion

Buying peony plants is an exciting step towards adding timeless beauty to your garden. By understanding the different types, knowing when and where to buy, and carefully inspecting plants for health, you can make informed choices. Selecting the right peony for your climate and garden conditions will ensure these magnificent flowers grace your landscape for many seasons to come. For more tips on caring for your new peonies or other garden plants, explore additional helpful articles on AnswerHarbor.com.